Study of technology transfer impact for a better risk management in the texile industry
Résumé
In accordance with the general principles of prevention, developed within the legislative framework of the protection of workers, a risk analysis must be carried out in the whole of the industrial facilities. Inside the enterprise COTITEX of Batna, this principle of prevention is very little applied and one can partly allot this absence of application to the fact that the methods of analysis suggested are not well adapted to this factory. In order to assess the degree of fitting or inadequacy of the analysis methods on the ground, we decided to compare them and to select the most reliable for our experimentation, so that we can observe blockings occurring on this occasion. To this end, a comparative study of several risk analysis methods issued from the "reliability" movement is undertaken, in order to choose the one whose field of application would answer better to our criterion of engagement, namely the triptych: Man-Installation-Environment. The risk analysis method retained is: MADS-MOSAR (Method of Analysis of Dysfunction of the Systems - Method Organized and Systemic of Analysis of the Risks) which presents a framework basing its approach on the concept of "system". We also carried out an ergonomic analysis of the difficult conditions induced by the technology transfer making use of the RENAULT method. This was accomplished by proceeding to a maximum of collection of information by means of the following actions: direct observation, interviews, questionnaire filling, and experimental measurements on ground. This association of the two kinds of analysis should support a better adaptation of safety for the operator submitted to the difficult conditions created by the technology transfer interacting with the installation and its environment. At the time of this experimental phase, many difficulties appeared. We analysed these blockings of disparate appearance then and could allot mainly their causes to a conflict of values between the COTITEX and the institutions of prevention. The ergonomic analysis also revealed several difficulties. Following these reports, the tracks of evolution we propose would allow the company to bring a complete step of risk analysis to a successful conclusion, under better conditions. This would result in a durable reduction of the frequency and gravity of the accidents related to the impact of the technology transfer.